Radangel

Device: Kromek RadAngel

The Kromek RadAngel is an affordable, CZT-based gamma-ray spectrometer device connecting via USB as a HID device.

RadAngel a small and portable gamma-ray spectrometer that can be utilised for educational purposes in teaching concepts of radiation as well as for training in the use of radiation sensors.

Its compact size and quick set-up time make it ideally suited for individual or small group projects, laboratory-based teaching, classroom demonstrations and field studies.

This instrument utilizes a Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) solid state detector, which enables room temperature operation with excellent energy resolution (12 bits hence 4096 channels from ~30 keV to ~3.6 MeV). The unit is completely self-contained, with a built-in detector, amplifiers, power supply and communications. The digitized detector signals are sent to a PC via the mini-USB which also powers the unit, so no external supply is required.

Daemon: radangel

The radangel binary communicates with the RadAngel HID device (04d8:0100) via USB (hidapi-libusb) and uses threads (pthreads) to read events and push them in a queue, then pop them from the queue and write them into files.

To grant permissions to the USB device, the udev system can be employed:

• echo 'SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="04d8", ATTR{idProduct}=="0100", MODE="0666"' | sudo tee /etc/udev/rules.d/60-kromek-radangel.rules
• sudo udevadm control --reload-rules && sudo udevadm trigger

Compiling the radangel binary for the linux operating system requires to install some dependencies in advance. To install the build dependencies on a Debian system the apt-get command can be used:

• apt-get update && apt-get -y install build-essential libc6-dev libhidapi-dev

Then you have two options, to compile the binaryJust run make in the src directory or

• run make in the src directory or

• run gcc -std=gnu99 -Wall radangel.c -o radangel -pthread -lm -lhidapi-libusb in the src directory

The output of the radangel daemon consists of two files (time series and histogram):

• events.tsv each line corresponds to one event with timestamp and channel (gamma-ray energy).
• stats.tsveach line corresponds to one channel and displays the number of occurance (histogram).

Running the binary with the appropriate arguments:

radangel --verbose --event events.tsv --stats stats.tsv

The daemon can be run as service with help of the radangel.service systemd file.

Web: service

The changes in the output files from radangel daemon can be streamed to the browser in realtime with the two systemd units datasrc.service and websockify.service:

• datasrc.service systemd unit employs inotail to monitor the output files and streams the changes with socat into a tcp socket.
• websockify.service launches the websockify daemon which provides the websocket endpoint behind nginx webserver (see nginx-datasrc-location.conf) and translates between websocket and the plain tcp socket.

Again we need to satisfy the dependencies, e.g. on a Debian system with apt-get

• apt-get update && apt-get -y install build-essential libc6-dev libssl-dev

To build the websockify daemon use make in the src/contrib directory to compile.

The web interface itself uses Plotly.js to display the histogram of the channels in realtime by connecting to the websocket endpoint and provides a convenient user interface for exploring the details of the gamma-spectrum.